Table 2 of Tarren Bragdon's report confirms what I expect is true of every other state as well as NY: the uninsured subsidize the insured by "voluntarily" paying extra taxes. It looks to me like about 11 percent of the uninsured population in NY earns over $75,000. That's about 250,000 people. Let's assume (back of the envelope), that by taking a job paying, e.g., $80,000 without health benefits, instead of one paying $70,000 with health benefits, the average household in this group pays about $3,000 extra income taxes. That's almost three-quarters of a billion dollars of tax revenue! Surely, more than enough to pay the costs of their lower-income uninsured neighbors who consume uncompensated care.